Vice behind the threshold!
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After October 1917, the leaders of the Young Soviet state felt the most acute need for certain moral landmarks in ordinary citizens. Human defects and bad habits that constantly manifest themselves in everyday life affecting the moral and social atmosphere in society and preventing socialism to build socialism were recognized by the enemies of the cultural revolution and are outlawed. The main weapon of the Bolsheviks party in this uncompromising struggle was the poster. The end of the 1920s was a period of the most acute confrontation between the state task of fulfilling the first five-year plan (1929-1932) and the traditional "Russian misfortunes" - universal drunkenness, loaf, theft, teaching and sexualism. Millionnaya small masses attracted to the construction sites of the five-year plan demanded not only training to work professions, but also a moral re-education. For the creation of posters on these topics, leading cartoists and satirities (V. Deni, K. Rotov, M. Che-belt, Kukryniks), advertisers and design designers (D. Bulanov, A. Levin, A. Chernomordik, I. Yang , artists isolation), painters working in a realistic manner (P. Sokolov-Skal) The working order for verses to these posters was performed by V. Mayakovsky. In recent years of life, he wrote dozens of slogans, among them outstanding: "from the working thickness will campaign drinking!" and "smoke throw - poison in a cigarette!" The most rigid in the anti-alcohol campaign of 1929-1930 were a photomontal poster of Leningrad D. Bulanov "Dad, do not drink!" And the work of the artists of Isractions "Remember ...", convinced by the power of their short slogans and impressive images. However, they contacted the appearance of a country building socialism. Widely accepted people were poster B. Denis "Dolba!" with verses D. Poor and satirical works performed by I. Young and A. Chernorodik on the texts of V. Mayakovsky, whose lines "share of the ugrelims on the female line ..." explaining the method of eradicating "sexual hooliganism", and the basis of the sheet to . Rotova. Portrait of a prostitute from the poem D. Poor "Night Panel" demonstrated a poster"s poster! - The only one on this topic in our story. In the 1930s, there was more fun in living in the country "living, and the heroes of posters are becoming transit of production with impeccable moral health. The struggle with drunkenness lay on the shoulders of medical institutions, and domestic problems disappeared behind the doors of the rooms in the communal companies. The Bolsheviks party will not take a poster about vices over the next twenty years. The new appeal in the poster to the theme of morality caused social processes that took place in the country in the mid-1950s. Hundreds of thousands of young people who were heading for the development of virgin lands and the natural wealth of the country, met with hundreds of thousands of prisoners who were a half decades of the forest and mined coal, uranium and gold for the country. The moral foundations were shaken, and the consumption of available alcohol limited only the low level of income of the population. During these years, talent V. Govakov was brilliantly - one of the outstanding masters, a truly estimated only today. The poster "no!" (1954), whose hero chose a sober lifestyle. However, posters on the walls of tea and dining rooms, where alcohol was freely sold, could not serve as a moral brake. Simultaneously with the restriction of the sale of vodka, a campaign to combat drunkenness, hooliganism and an emerging drug addiction began. The posters opposed the advanced ideals inherent to the team - "relics of the past", misconceptions that became the result of incorrect education in the family. Artists, according to the expression of V. Mayakovsky, ordered "Portrait of Hooligans". Young people, born in a socialist society, could no longer be publicly announced by his "enemy". Speculats, moonshrists, drunkards, hooligans, tunes and rarers became an object of labor re-education - "mold. In 1961, the Program of the CPSU was adopted with the Moral Code of the Builder of Communism, where the "remnants of the past" were transferred with which it should be struggling. "Evil is an evil!", "Shame!", "Won!", "Plok - for the threshold!" - Here are the slogans of posters for those years. The threshold for which "carriers of vices" was sent, was a hundredkilometer around the capital. The creators of the posters had sufficient common sense and a sense of humor to skillfully preserve the fictional tissue of their work even in a hard ideological framework. In the country, a fragile balance of the interests of the individual and the state was established: the sale of alcohol after the "hour of the wolf" (11 o"clock in the morning) gave revenues to local budgets, the moonshine was cooked from everything that grows, they cut down "on three everywhere, and the administrative court Punishment in the form of "fifteen days" public works. The beginning of the 1980s with the eviction of TUNYADETS, the struggle with unearned incomes and the creation of a sobriety society was the last stage of the struggle for the moral cleansing of the Soviet society. The accusatory posters were decorated with the walls of honeycomb, dispensaries and notorious LTP (medical and labor profilateers), but they were inferior to the sharpness of the past years. Attempts to deal with the means of a poster with sexual exceptions and drug addiction in the conditions of society, permeated with the dying and hypocrisy, were originally doomed. In the last decade of the XX century, the poster has lost a clear social order. For high moral foundations, Russian society began to fight the means of journalism. As for the work of outstanding masters of past years, we appreciate them not only the clarity of thought, but also the ability of their authors does not cross the face behind which art ceases to be such in order to preserve optimism and faith in a person who has become the hero of the eternal "vicious" theme
Cover:
Cover:Hard
Category:
- Category:History & Geography
- Category:Politics & Social Science
Paper:
Paper:Cardboard
Series:
Series: thematic folder. Wipers Collection
ISBN:
ISBN:495-695-9798
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