Probability theory. Practical work and individual tasks on combinatorics (typical calculations)

This practical guide is a supplement to the authors' textbooks on probability theory and mathematical statistics (see the list of literature) and includes exercises of three levels of difficulty and typical calculations. The main concepts presented are accompanied by a large number of examples with solutions and self-assessment questions. The first level is basic and involves: solving exercises based on one formula (all necessary data for calculations are provided in the exercise description), solving simple typical exercises, recognizing concepts, identifying their properties, and distinguishing similarities and differences between one concept and another related to it. The second level is more complex and involves: solving exercises based on two formulas or a simple algorithm (some data needed to apply the formula must be calculated independently), performing theoretical exercises and more complex exercises that require modifying the solution algorithm. The third level is advanced and involves: using a combination of several formulas, conducting experiments or independent research, knowledge of concepts and theorems from other branches of mathematics, and developing the ability to apply theory to solve non-standard problems. Each typical calculation includes 30 variations with 6 problems each. Answers to all problems in the typical calculation are provided. Intended for university students majoring in fields included in the Unified State Exam (USE): Mathematics and Mechanics, Physics and Astronomy, Electronics, Radio Engineering and Communication Systems, Electrical and Heat Engineering, Physical and Technical Sciences and Technologies, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology, Economics and Management, Law, and other technical, economic, agricultural, and legal fields. The practical guide can also be useful for university professors, technical schools, and teachers conducting classes with school students.