Metaalonology and ontology in the analytical philosophy of the XX - XXI centuries

In 1993, Michael Dammit formulated an “axiom of analytical philosophy”, which states that “a philosophical explanation of thinking can be achieved through a philosophical explanation of the language.” However, this axiom greatly impoverished the concept of analytical philosophy, reducing its content to the results of the analysis of the language. In 2007, Aaron Preston doubted the existence of analytical philosophy in itself. He considered that the analytical tradition as a whole or in its important branches was created retrospectively later by living commentators. The author of the monograph does not share either the position of Dammit, nor the position of the throne and proposes to consider analytical philosophy as a system of various methodological and worldview approaches, forming at the same time its methodological multi -vector and worldview integrity.
The history of the formation of analytical ontology from the old (Aristotelian) to the new (Kantian) and then to the co-time analytical ontology presented by the one and the other line of ontology is traced. The line of “old” analytical ontology is given through a comparative analysis of the ontological paintings of Aristotle and David Armstrong, and the latter with the ontology of Jonathan Law. The Kantian line of analytical ontology is represented as the dualism of the “conceptual frame” and its content, metallology (methodological attitudes elected by the researcher) and the structure of life. At the present stage, various methodological attitudes are used, the result of the complex application of which is, for example, David Lewis ontology.
In the monograph, in addition to the problems of “fundamental” metaphysics - ontologies, the problem of “special metaphysics - ontological status of consciousness. For these purposes, the concept of supervision is analyzed, various options for the concept of identity of mental and physical, as well as the problem of transcendental sources of knowledge in the theories of consciousness of John Serl and David Lewis