Calls and answers. How civilizations die

Arnold Toynby (1889-1975) - English philosopher, culturologist and sociologist. He created the theory of "call and answer" (Challenge and Response) - a pattern that, in his opinion, determines the development of civilization. Samuel Huntington (1927-2008) - American philosopher, sociologist and political scientist. He argued that each civilization sees itself the center of the world and represents the history of mankind according to this understanding. Between civilizations there is constantly confrontation and often conflicts arise. The outcome of such a struggle depends on how this civilization "corresponds to the" prevailing world order.
This book contains the most significant works of A. Toynby and S. Huntington, which allow us to understand the essence of their philosophy, similarity and discrepancy in views. Particular attention is paid to Russian civilization, its differences from the western, points of contact and conflicts of the Russian and Western world