Osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency: a guide for doctors

Osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency are closely related pathological conditions that mainly develop due to disturbances in calcium metabolism in the body. However, in guidelines dedicated to osteoporosis, the impact of hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency on the development of osteoporosis is not thoroughly described. On the other hand, in guidelines on hyperparathyroidism typically written by endocrinologists, osteoporosis is only considered as one of its manifestations, and the role of vitamin D is limited to its inclusion in the calcium metabolism regulation scheme. Conversely, in monographs on vitamin D, not enough attention is given to osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism. In light of this, the idea arose to create a guide for physicians treating patients with osteoporosis in a way that the two key factors in its development - hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency - are also comprehensively presented as closely related and practically important issues for its diagnosis and treatment.