Notes of a Hunter

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev was born on November 9, 1818 in Oryol. His parents were quite wealthy: his mother came from the noble Lutovinov family, and his father, a retired officer, came from an ancient noble lineage. Turgenev's childhood was spent at the family estate of Spasskoye-Lutovinovo, where he was educated by Swiss and German governesses and tutors, allowing him to learn three foreign languages. In 1827, the Turgenev family moved to Moscow, where the future writer was sent to a boarding school. In 1833, the fifteen-year-old Turgenev entered Moscow University, but later transferred to St. Petersburg. After completing his studies, he traveled abroad, and upon his return, he became a civil servant in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In the 1850s, Turgenev wrote works such as "A Month in the Country" (1850), "Mumu" (1852), "Sketches from a Hunter's Album" (1847-1852), "Asya" (1858), and novels like "Rudin" (1855), "Home of the Gentry" (1859), "On the Eve" (1860), and "Fathers and Sons" (1862). In 1867, the novel "Smoke" was published, followed by "Virgin Soil" in 1877, and "Spring Torrents" in 1878. In 1863, the writer moved to Baden-Baden, and later to Paris with the family of the famous singer Pauline Viardot. Turgenev passed away in 1883 in Bougival and was buried in St. Petersburg.