Makar Chudra
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Maxim Gorky (real name Alexei Maximovich Peshkov) was born on March 16, 1868, into a poor family. His parents died early, and he spent his childhood in the house of his grandfather, Vasily Kashirin. His grandfather, a former barge hauler and later the owner of a dyeing workshop, became impoverished in his old age. According to church records, he taught the boy to read and write, while his grandmother instilled in him a love for songs and fairy tales, nurturing his desire for creativity.
Experiencing poverty and hardship at a young age - working in a dishwashing job, at fairs, and in a store - the future writer realized the injustice of society and thus became involved in revolutionary propaganda, traveling across Russia and interacting with the poor. Despite lacking a formal education (he only graduated from a trade school), he engaged in self-education, turning to ideas from the French Enlightenment, romantic philosophy, and religious seeking. Starting his literary career under the pseudonym Yegudiel Khlamida, he soon adopted the pseudonym Maxim Gorky.
It was under this pseudonym that his first story, "Makar Chudra," was published in a newspaper in 1892, followed by the story "Chelkash" in the journal "Russian Wealth" in 1895. His real success came with the publication of "Sketches and Stories" in 1898 in St. Petersburg. After the novella "Foma Gordyev," Gorky became a famous writer.
In 1902, his play "The Lower Depths" was a huge success. This was followed by plays such as "The Petty Bourgeois," "Summer Residents," "Barbarians," and "Enemies."
After the defeat of the 1905-1907 revolution, Gorky lived on the island of Capri in Italy, where he wrote works such as "Mother," "Childhood," and "Among the People." From 1921 to 1928, Gorky lived in exile again in Sorrento, Italy. Here, he created the novel "The Artamonov Business" and began working on his major work, "The Life of Klim Samgin." In 1928, Maxim Gorky returned to his homeland, where he completed the novel.
Gorky contributed to the establishment of new journals, book series, and the Literary Institute. In 1934, he became the head of the Union of Soviet Writers. Additionally, he created literary portraits of V. Lenin, L. Tolstoy, A. Chekhov, and V. Korolenko.
The writer passed away on June 16, 1936, in Gorki near Moscow. His urn rests in the Kremlin wall in Moscow.
For middle school age.
Author:
Author:Maxim Gorky
Cover:
Cover:softcover
Category:
- Category:History & Geography
- Category:Modern Literature
Publication language:
Publication Language:Russian
Dimensions:
Dimensions:21x13x.3 cm
Series:
Series:School Library
Age restrictions:
Age restrictions:12+
ISBN:
ISBN:978-5-00054-129-6
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