Journal Knowledge-Power № 6. 2022
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"He showed Russia in color in color"
Peter I radically changed the historical path of Russia, unfolding it towards Europe. 350 years since his birth is a significant date for Russian history. And a good reason to talk about the life and affairs of the first emperor of the Russian Empire.
Outstanding Russian historian Vasily Klyuchevsky said so about him:
if Peter did not sleep, did not go, did not feast or did not inspect something, he certainly built something. His hands were forever at work, and corns did not leave them. For manual labor, he took with any presented to that case. In his youth, when he still did not know much, examining the factory or factory, he constantly grabbed the observed business. It was difficult for him to remain a simple spectator of someone else"s work, especially for him a new one: his hand instinctively asked for an instrument, he wanted to work himself. Hunting for the Hurcho developed in it rapidly shifting and dexterity: he vigilantly peering into an unfamiliar work, he instantly learned it. The early inclination of craft classes, to technical work turned into a simple habit, into an unaccountable call: he wanted to know and learn every new business before he had time to figure out what he would need. With years, he acquired an immense mass of technical knowledge. "
But at the same time, the king was not trained in civilized behavior manners, did not take them on trips abroad: "In all, he took hot hands from the dish. The habit of doing a table without a knife and fork hit the German princesses at dinner in Coppenburg. Peter was not at all distinguished by subtlety in circulation, he did not have delicate manners.
If you ask the first compatriot that came across which of the Russian kings is the most vivid, memorable, most likely, two names will sound: Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great. And to the question, which of the kings was noted by the most radical changes in the country, is highly likely to hear: Peter the Great. Although, besides him, the king-liberator Alexander the Second may well count on these laurels.
And yet Pyotr Alekseevich Romanov, the first emperor of the Russian Empire, occupies a special place - he is too different from both his ancestors and descendants. Tsar-craftsman, King-Masterova, who knew perfectly well the carpentry and blacksmithing, who knew how to do a lot with his own hands and did not watch any difficulty. The king-traveler, who visited not only in many countries, but also traveled almost all of Russia. "Peter was a guest at home. He grew up and matured on the road and at the open -air work. About 50 years, bothering to look back at his past life, he would see that he was always going somewhere. In continuation of his reign, he spun wide Rus" from end to end - from Arkhangelsk and Neva to the Prut, Azov, Astrakhan and Derbent. " The king-warrior, personally participating in a number of battles.
Tsar-Democrat, who easily communicated with people of different origin, who appreciated in them primarily useful skills. He easily sat down to play chess with simple sailors, drank beer with them and pulled their Mahorka from a long Dutch tube ... ". And at the same time, he often showed himself with a despot: he launched his fists - even the favorite of Tsar Aleksashka Menshikov got it, imposed his medicines, seriously frightened his close associates, brought bakery to torture, forcing guests beyond the measure to get drunk with vodka poorly cleaned and dancing to exhaustion.
He unceremoniously intervened in the personal life of subjects, forcibly combined or disconnected someone’s fate - and try to refuse!
Perhaps there is not a single historical person who would not cause conflicting assessments of her activity. Too different interests act in every era, too different life positions in both contemporaries and those who are trying to evaluate from the perspective of past years or centuries. And the activities of the royal persons have always aroused special interest in both contemporaries and descendants. It cannot be otherwise - in the center of any era - the personality of the king, which determines a lot. Although not all. Therefore, the assessments of the activity of Peter are very contradictory. Yes, he “cut through the window to Europe”, canceled the localism, gave a serious impetus to the technological and industrial development of Russia, and laid the foundation for the emergence of a modern science in the country. And at the same time, having visited the most developed countries then: in Holland, England, Denmark - he did not pay attention to other living conditions of local subjects, did not think about the fact that in Russia it would be worth making some social changes: to facilitate the situation Fortress peasants, to give more freedom to those who, not being serfs, were not truly free, to more reliable on the law. How much can this be allowed to blame Peter? Where are the real limits of its capabilities? And how to summarize his rule? .. These are difficult questions.
350 years since the birth of Peter the Great - a significant date for Russian history. And a good reason to talk about the life and affairs of the first emperor of the Russian Empire. We devote to this conversation the main theme of this number.
"He showed Russia in color in color" from the poem by Alexander Sumarokov "to the portrait of sovereign Peter the Great."
Peter I radically changed the historical path of Russia, unfolding it towards Europe. 350 years since his birth is a significant date for Russian history. And a good reason to talk about the life and affairs of the first emperor of the Russian Empire.
Outstanding Russian historian Vasily Klyuchevsky said so about him:
if Peter did not sleep, did not go, did not feast or did not inspect something, he certainly built something. His hands were forever at work, and corns did not leave them. For manual labor, he took with any presented to that case. In his youth, when he still did not know much, examining the factory or factory, he constantly grabbed the observed business. It was difficult for him to remain a simple spectator of someone else"s work, especially for him a new one: his hand instinctively asked for an instrument, he wanted to work himself. Hunting for the Hurcho developed in it rapidly shifting and dexterity: he vigilantly peering into an unfamiliar work, he instantly learned it. The early inclination of craft classes, to technical work turned into a simple habit, into an unaccountable call: he wanted to know and learn every new business before he had time to figure out what he would need. With years, he acquired an immense mass of technical knowledge. "
But at the same time, the king was not trained in civilized behavior manners, did not take them on trips abroad: "In all, he took hot hands from the dish. The habit of doing a table without a knife and fork hit the German princesses at dinner in Coppenburg. Peter was not at all distinguished by subtlety in circulation, he did not have delicate manners.
If you ask the first compatriot that came across which of the Russian kings is the most vivid, memorable, most likely, two names will sound: Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great. And to the question, which of the kings was noted by the most radical changes in the country, is highly likely to hear: Peter the Great. Although, besides him, the king-liberator Alexander the Second may well count on these laurels.
And yet Pyotr Alekseevich Romanov, the first emperor of the Russian Empire, occupies a special place - he is too different from both his ancestors and descendants. Tsar-craftsman, King-Masterova, who knew perfectly well the carpentry and blacksmithing, who knew how to do a lot with his own hands and did not watch any difficulty. The king-traveler, who visited not only in many countries, but also traveled almost all of Russia. "Peter was a guest at home. He grew up and matured on the road and at the open -air work. About 50 years, bothering to look back at his past life, he would see that he was always going somewhere. In continuation of his reign, he spun wide Rus" from end to end - from Arkhangelsk and Neva to the Prut, Azov, Astrakhan and Derbent. " The king-warrior, personally participating in a number of battles.
Tsar-Democrat, who easily communicated with people of different origin, who appreciated in them primarily useful skills. He easily sat down to play chess with simple sailors, drank beer with them and pulled their Mahorka from a long Dutch tube ... ". And at the same time, he often showed himself with a despot: he launched his fists - even the favorite of Tsar Aleksashka Menshikov got it, imposed his medicines, seriously frightened his close associates, brought bakery to torture, forcing guests beyond the measure to get drunk with vodka poorly cleaned and dancing to exhaustion.
He unceremoniously intervened in the personal life of subjects, forcibly combined or disconnected someone’s fate - and try to refuse!
Perhaps there is not a single historical person who would not cause conflicting assessments of her activity. Too different interests act in every era, too different life positions in both contemporaries and those who are trying to evaluate from the perspective of past years or centuries. And the activities of the royal persons have always aroused special interest in both contemporaries and descendants. It cannot be otherwise - in the center of any era - the personality of the king, which determines a lot. Although not all. Therefore, the assessments of the activity of Peter are very contradictory. Yes, he “cut through the window to Europe”, canceled the localism, gave a serious impetus to the technological and industrial development of Russia, and laid the foundation for the emergence of a modern science in the country. And at the same time, having visited the most developed countries then: in Holland, England, Denmark - he did not pay attention to other living conditions of local subjects, did not think about the fact that in Russia it would be worth making some social changes: to facilitate the situation Fortress peasants, to give more freedom to those who, not being serfs, were not truly free, to more reliable on the law. How much can this be allowed to blame Peter? Where are the real limits of its capabilities? And how to summarize his rule? .. These are difficult questions.
350 years since the birth of Peter the Great - a significant date for Russian history. And a good reason to talk about the life and affairs of the first emperor of the Russian Empire. We devote to this conversation the main theme of this number.
"He showed Russia in color in color" from the poem by Alexander Sumarokov "to the portrait of sovereign Peter the Great."
Cover:
Cover:Soft
Category:
- Category:Biographies & Memoirs
- Category:Magazines & Encyclopedia
ISBN:
ISBN:863431
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