Philip the Fair and his sons. France in the late XIII-XIV centuries

The era of the latest capitations (1285–1328) - the time of the great achievements of the French monarchy. The main character of this era is rightfully the French king Philip IV is a beautiful - harsh and powerful ruler, who was already a mystery to his contemporaries. He was called the Iron King and the king of marble. It was in his reign that France reached the top of its power. Philip IV fought with the papacy, refusing to recognize the supremacy of spiritual power over secular and laid the foundation for the Avignon captivity of the dads, expanded the possessions of the French crown, suppressing the resistance of large lords. Under Philip, the brilliant French chivalry was first defeated by infantrymen, Flemish weavers and artisans, in the famous battle of Kurtre. And it was by order of Philip in the center of Paris that the Cathedral of the Parisian Mother of God began to build, which later turned into the main symbol of the French capital. Finally, Philip’s rule was marked by a high-profile event, which left a long memory-arrest, court and execution of Monakhi knights from the Templar Order