Peacekeeping in Russia. Church. Politicians. Thinkers

The book is a collective monograph on the study of the idea of ​​peacekeeping in the Russian public consciousness of the X-XIX centuries.
In this study, peacekeeping ideas are traced from Ancient Russia, when the ideas about the war and the world were regulated by the Christian doctrine until the beginning of the 19th century, when the secularization of cultural ideas about the world and war and the dominant philosophy of education occurs. The ideas of the second half of the XIX - early twentieth centuries are also visible. The book provides numerous and eloquent examples of the intermediary of the church in inter -bloody straightforces, a different attitude towards violence in ancient Russian religious monuments is recorded, an attempt is made to find out its origins. In Russia, which, from the moment of baptism, was largely influenced by the Byzantine religious and legal culture, the war was recognized as an inevitable evil, and the Church treated the war precisely as the evil , preserving the rules prohibiting priests to participate in military operations, and imposing epiteums For the murder in the war, even on the laity. " In the 15th century, the situation is changing, and in the epistles and letters of Moscow descent the idea that those who died in the war for "Orthodox Christianity" will be awarded martyrdom. " Thus, “we can talk not about the reproduction of the "Byzantine model", but about the creation of a new ideology of the“ sacred war ”, alien to Byzantium. " The idea of ​​a sacred war fits well into the general orientation of Russian culture of the late XV - mid -XVI centuries, orientation to the east. The fall of Constantinople and the fall of the Mongol-Tatar yoke (both of these events took place before the eyes of the same generation) made the young Moscow state the heir to two great empires. And the incredulous attitude to the West as a world of sin was strengthened by the representation of Russians about their belonging to the world of eastern culture.
in the “Onomasticon”, the source of impartial, composed by S.B. Veselovsky, the names, surnames, nicknames of people of various social layers are presented. The 16th century is a period of wide expansion of the Turks to Europe, the time of church split and the beginning of religious wars. Idealizing Turkey, European publicists see in it the antipost of the European world. Thus, Islam, Orthodoxy and war find themselves in a single semantic space. The values ​​of each of these systems, combined with each other, gave rise to the concept of a sacred war in the Russian religious consciousness of the XV-XVI centuries. A powerful wave of Europeanization, which began by the reforms of Peter I and continued throughout the 18th century, interrupted the tradition coming from ancient Russia.
In general, the articles of the collection are concentrated on one of the ideas universal for Russian culture - the idea of ​​the world, which in itself is extremely important. The collection is also valuable as the discovery of new research prospects.
For experts involved in the study of various issues of the history of the Russian and Russian state, the history of the Russian church, the history of Russian culture, the history of the emergence and development of various socio-political movements in Russian society, the history of Russian philosophy, for teachers, students and graduate students of historical and historical and graduate students philosophical universities and faculties