Methodological problems of scientific geological knowledge. Volume 2. Isotopic geothermometers

In the understanding of isotopia, two versions are outlined. According to the first version of the isotopia, it seems as the most general property when the atom with the specific parameters of its structure. In the second case, the ratio of two or more atoms is evaluated, in which the properties of atoms are considered relative to each other. In geological studies, it is precisely this property of isotopes.
When conducting isotopic studies to solve geological problems, mainly isotopes of the so -called light elements were used: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur. However, recently for these purposes, excluding geochronological studies, more severe elements have been used: lead, strontium, samaria, neopim, etc. The use of this research tool made it possible to highlight many secrets of the origin of geological objects, but at the same time at the same time Many features of the behavior of isotopes remained insufficiently clarified, especially the validity and accuracy of the conclusions received. The discovery of these secrets is dedicated to the following chapters below.
Note that these chapters are not sections of the monograph, this is a collection of materials published and prepared for printing with the addition of new data. Hence some repetitions as content and cited sources