From Cape Golovnin to the Earth of Alexander I: Russian circumnavigation expeditions in the first half of the 19th century

The monograph is devoted to one of the most striking pages of domestic naval history and science-the participation of the Russian fleet in the development and study of the world ocean. In the focus of the author’s attention, the famous St. Petersburg historian, Doctor of Historical Sciences D. N. Kopelev, there were key issues of the institutional history of round -the -world swimming, geopolitical expansion of the Russian Empire in the world ocean, and the transfer of Western European technologies on Russian soil. Marine expeditions, connecting European Russia and Russian territories in North America, are analyzed by the author in the context of the development of world science and are studied as peculiar scientific “laboratories” to study the world ocean, and their leaders and participants, the famous Russian sailors I.F. Kruzenshttern, V. M. Golovnin, F.F. Bellinshausen, M.P. Lazarev, F.P. Litke, F.P. Wrangel, as “officers-researchers”, representatives of a new type of scientific society. The author paid a lot of attention in the monograph to the analysis of the social structures of the Russian fleet, in particular, the influence of patronage systems and nonsense on the history of round -the -world swimming