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Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (1818-1883) Classics of Russian literature of the second half of the 19th century, the author of many significant works ("Rudin", "Nobility Nest", "On the eve of the Fathers and Children", "Asya", "First Love", " Vyshny waters", "month in the village") The Turgenev family came from the old family of the Tula nobles, was rich. The childhood of the future writer passed in the estate of the village of Spasskoye-Lutovinovo Mtsensk district. Little Ivan was taught by the tutors, and the French language, beloved by his mother, was almost the main one in the house. This did not prevent him from falling in love with Russian literature, he began to write at the age of 15, and by the age of 19 he was already composed about a hundred poems and poems. Turgenev received education in frequent boarding houses for nobles, and then at the Faculty of Philosophy of St. Petersburg University. In his work, the writer spoke to all the events of time: the first to embody the controversial image of the personality of a “new person” - a nihilist, realistically described the life of the people, appreciated the change in the role of a woman in society, and finally, the first with such love he painted modest village landscapes. Even during his lifetime, Turgenev became the most readable Russian writer in Germany, was popular in France and England, opened modern Russian prose to the Western reader, promoting it abroad. The collection of the “Notes of the Hunter "that glorified him consists of 25 stories, and grew out of one -" Ferry and Kalinch ", published in the journal Contemporary. The editor attributed to him the subtitles "from the notes of the hunter" (Turgenev was a famous hunter in Russia) to attract the attention of readers, and this suggested Turgenev the idea of ​​creating a cycle, which was the underlying meaning of which was the struggle with the enemy, hated by childhood. This enemy bore a famous name ... serfdom