My scientific articles. Book 2. Method of density matrices in quantum theories of supertext and superconductivity

This book contains articles in which new quantum theories of super -text and superconductivity were set out by the method of density matrices. In the first article, the theory of supertext is developed, in which the dependence of the heat capacity on temperature was obtained. The remaining articles are devoted to the phenomenon of superconductivity. In these works it was shown how a variable principle leads to an equation for the function of distributing electrons through wave vectors. Electrons have particles called farmions. This statement makes it possible to find the dependence of the energy of the interaction of two electrons on their wave vectors. The potential energy of the interaction of electrons in the coordinate space is a positive value, which indicates the repulsion of two electrons from one another. This kulonov-boving electrons leads to the dependence of the energy of the interaction of electrons on the wave vectors, which for crystalline metals has two terms. The first term is a positive value. It depends on the wave vectors, which are equal in size and opposite in directions. This terms indicate repulsion of electrons and leads to the presence of anisotropy of electrons, which means that the probabilities of two electrons are not equal to each other. Superconductivity is manifested in this. The second term is a negative value, which depends on equal wave vectors. This terms leads to an energy gap. All these phenomena occur at low temperatures.
The influence of the magnetic field on the superconductor was investigated. It is shown that with an increase in the external magnetic field, the function of the distribution of electrons in the direction of large energies occurs. This displacement makes it possible to explain the effect of Meisner - Oksenfeld. In addition to the external magnetic field, there is an internal magnetic field due to superconducting electric current. The density of this current and the tension of the inner and external magnetic fields were found. It is shown that the output of the external magnetic field from the superconductor is due to the larger in the module of the internal magnetic field, which occurs inside the superconductor. An explanation of the phenomenon of quantum levitation of the superconductor is given.
The book can be of interest to high school students, graduate students, teachers and scientists