Magistral pipelines. Reliability. Working conditions and destruction

The issues of designing, assessing the reliability and completeness of survey tests of main pipelines are considered. On the basis of the accumulated statistical data, specific values ​​of the reliability indicators of a separate gas pipeline were obtained and discussed. The damaging factors in the destruction of gas pipelines are described. Criteria for the strength of the pipelines are given and the need to perform strength checks was discussed. A new approach to the role of the temperature difference in the determination of longitudinal stresses is set out in a new way. An analysis of the convergence of the norms of the US and Russia was performed in determining the thickness of the pipe wall. At the modern level, the issues of the working conditions of gas pipelines, as well as the conditions of their longitudinal and ring destruction, are set out. The problem of longitudinal destruction of gas pipelines is considered as a dynamically developing five -stage process with an assessment of the effect on the catastrophic of the destruction of the mechanical characteristics of pipe steel and gas -dynamic features adjacent to the focus of the rupture of the areas. For the first time, from the position of gas dynamics, the necessary and sufficient conditions for unloading the pipes from ring stresses and the beginning of braking of the main crack with longitudinal destruction of gas pipelines of long length are determined. The energy principles of determining the critical length of the main crack and the assessment of the total length of the longitudinal destruction of gas pipelines are presented. The possibility of self -flaming of a mixture of gas with air and the detonation nature of the spread of the destruction of gas pipelines is shown. The analysis of operational and temperature conditions of work and the causes of failures and damage to gas pipelines. Recommendations for laying pipelines are given taking into account dangerous natural phenomena and processes.
For scientists and specialists in the gas and oil industry